Model+UN

Model UN 


 * History**
 * An academic process of the United Nations that aims to educate participants about civics, current events, effective communication, globalization and multilateral diplomacy
 * Students take on roles as diplomats and participate in a simulated session of an intergovernmnetal organization(IGO).
 * Records indicate that as early as the 1920s students in the United States of America were participating in collegiate simulations of the League od Nations the predecessor to the United Nations.
 * The National Model United Nations is one of the world's largest conferences with over 5,000 participants and is most unique with a part of the conference held at the United Nations in New York City.
 * During a conference, participants must employ a variety of communication and critical thinking skills in order to represent the policies of their country.
 * First, the Model UN should give students the opportunity to learn more about world problems, and in particular, to see the different viewpoints and positions which are at work in the United Nations.
 * It should provide experience in organization, leadership, and debate

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 * Structure/organization**
 * A position paper is an essay that is written by participants of some models.
 * It describes the detailed position of a certain country on a topic or issue that the writer will debate of his topic.
 * Model UN is supported by many organizations, private groups, non-governmental organizations, inter-governmental organizations and national governments.
 * United Nations Associations around the world and its international organization (Morocco, Egypt, Russia, Dominican Republic, Columbia, Germany, and Canada)
 * Students research global problems to be addressed, drawn from today's headlines. Model United Nations participants learn how the international community acts on its concerns about topics including peace and security, human rights, the environment, food and hunger, economic development, and globalization.
 * It gives all participants an insight look look into the way things are done, and also allow them feel how challenging it is to negotiate with adversaries.
 * Most Model United Nations participants at the conference level today are undergraduate, graduate and doctoral students.
 * Recently even university alumni and professionals have taken part. Participants come from public and private schools and universities
 * The General Assembly is the main one in the United Nations. Composed of all United nation, the assembly meets in regular yearly sessions under a president elected from among the member states
 * The General Assembly, Composed of all the United nation members the assembly meets in regular yearly sessions under a president elected from among the member states. Over a two-week period at the start of each session, all members have the opportunity to address the assembly
 * The Security Council, charged with maintaining peace and security among countries. While other organs of the United Nations can only make 'recommendations' to member governments, the Security Council has the power to make binding decisions that member governments have agreed to carry out,
 * The Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC), the General Assembly in promoting international economic and social cooperation and development. ECOSOC has 54 members, all of which are elected by the General Assembly for a three-year term. The president is elected for a one-year term and chosen amongst the small or middle powers represented on ECOSOC. ECOSOC meets once a year in July for a four-week session.
 * The Secretariat, a staff of international civil servants worldwide. It provides studies, information, and facilities needed by United Nations bodies for their meetings. It also carries out tasks as directed by the UN Security Council, the UN General Assembly, the UN Economic and Social Council, and other UN bodies.
 * The International Court of Justice, Its purpose is to adjudicate disputes among states. The court has heard cases related to war crimes, illegal state interference and ethnic cleansing, among others, and continues to hear cases.


 * Goals/objectives for 21st century**


 * Each year of the team’s existence it has grown both in size and in reaching new levels of activities and achievements.
 * From its beginning with 5 delegates in the fall of 1997 the team has grown in size to 23 delegates at NMUN last spring, to make bigger.
 * Highter standards of academic preformance and for students to become the vehicle of learning.
 * To allow students to "live" the world and spirit of the United Nations, learning about its functioning and rules of procedure.
 * The objective is to obtain a consensus to approve a document on the topic debated.
 * If consensus is not achieved, as it happens sometimes in real life negotiations, the work of these delegates still has merit and is worthy of recognition.
 * Get them to recognize their own skills on diplomatic issues and politics.
 * research a topic of your country and background knowledge.


 * Country South Korea**



Republic
 * Government**


 * Location**
 * Slightly larger than Indiana, South Korea lies below the 38th parallel on the Korean peninsula. It is mountainous in the east;
 * In the west and south are many harbors on the mainland and offshore islands.
 * Religions:** Christian 26.3% (Protestant 19.7%, Roman Catholic 6.6%), Buddhist 23.2%, other or unknown 1.3%, none 49.3% (1995 census).


 * Languages:** Korean, English widely taught in junior high and high school.
 * Religion**
 * Freedom of religion is protected under South Korea’s constitution.
 * Roughly half of the South Korean population actively practice some form of religion.
 * Most religious believers in South Korea follow Christianity (29.2% of the population) and Buddhism (22.8%).
 * Although only 0.2% of South Koreans identify themselves as Confucianists, Korean society remains highly imbued with Confucian values and beliefs.
 * A small minority of South Koreans practice Islam, Shamanism (traditional spirit worship).
 * Background**
 * In March 2004, the conservative national assembly voted overwhelmingly to impeach Roh, claiming he had violated election laws.
 * More than 70% of the public, however, condemned the move;
 * The constitutional court dismissed the impeachment in May, and Roh was reinstated as president.
 * In June, just months into his presidency, Lee faced massive protests in Seoul over his decision to resume imports of American beef, which was banned in 2003 after mad cow disease was diagnosed in the U.S.
 * The protests, which took place in Seoul for about six weeks before peaking on June 10, implied overall dissatisfaction with President Lee.
 * Prime Minister Han Seung-soo and all 15 cabinet members submitted their resignations.
 * Three ministers were replaced, but President Lee refused to accept the other resignations.
 * South Korea and the U.S. reached an agreement that said the U.S. would not export beef from cattle under 30 months of age.
 * Under the 1953 U.S.-R.O.K. Mutual Defense Treaty, the United States agreed to help the Republic of Korea defend itself against external aggression.
 * In support of this commitment, the United States has maintained military personnel in Korea, including the Army's Second Infantry Division and several Air Force tactical squadrons.
 * March 2010, the South Korean warship //Cheonan// was sunk in an area of the Yellow Sea that's in dispute with North Korea. Forty-six sailors were killed.
 * South Korea suspected North Korea was responsible and ordered an international investigation so the results of the probe would be perceived as impartial.
 * In May, investigators produced a piece of a torpedo propeller that they believed had a North Korea serial number, evidence, South Korea said, that the North was responsible.
 * South Korea cut trade with North Korea, closed sea lanes, and blasted propaganda at the border through loud speakers.
 * Prime Minister Chung Un-chan resigned in July 2010 after parliament rejected his plan to move several ministries out of Seoul. At the same time, President Lee reshuffled much of his cabinet.


 * South Korea population with AIDS**
 * In 2008 there was 48,700,000 people
 * A handful of AIDS cases was reported during the late 1980s. Seoul responded by increasing the budget for education programs and instituting mandatory AIDS testing of prostitutes and employees of entertainment establishments.
 * An AIDS Prevention Law was promulgated in November 1987. In late 1989, the government drafted a law requiring AIDS testing of foreign athletes and entertainers intending to reside in South Korea without their spouses for more than three months.
 * The 200-percent annual increase in the number of AIDS-infected persons
 * South Korea, East Asia has a very low infection rate compared with other continents. The HIV prevalence rate in the region is 0.1%, and there are an estimated 1.1 million people living with HIV in the area.
 * HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:** less than 0.1% (2003 est.).


 * HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:** 8,300 (2003 est.).[[image:http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/25/Flag-map_of_South_Korea.png width="248" height="144" align="right"]]

[] -The country has 13,000 people living with AIDS -3600 women aged 15 and plus with HIVs virus. -Adult HIV prevalence (%), 2007 of less than 0.1% -They have mandatory HIV testing of migrants and the deportation of those found to be HIV positive. -Educating people about this disease and how to prevent it from spreasing -This year, tensions over mandatory HIV/AIDS tests for foreign teachers have re-surfaced, sparking a heated national debate. In 2007, a series of sensational press reports fueled rumors that foreign English teachers were molesting students and spreading HIV/AIDS. - The government began to require that all foreign teachers get tested for HIV, including those who were already in the country. Those who tested positive could have their contracts canceled and faced deportation -Despite their works to fight the issue South Korea’s international legal obligations and a recent Seoul High Court ruling that such deportation is not the most effective means of protecting public health. -Korea has the right to try to protect their citizens from disease and criminals. -There are 9,300 men in South Korea are infected with the HIV/AIDS virus and there is a very real danger that they will spread this incurable disease further unless they are isolated from the rest of the population without delay. -For example The U.S would say that a forcible imprisonment of HIV positive men violates their right to life and violates theories of criminal punishment that require that someone actually commit a crime before being imprisoned. We can't preemptively arrest people. In addition, brian's policy unfairly targets only HIV positive men. -South Korea is one of 26 countries known to deport people based on their HIV status. While there was some movement this past January as South Korea joined the United States in ending its travel ban on those with HIV/AIDS. South Korea also signed two United Nations treaties banning discrimination based on one’s HIV status in 2001 and 2006. But the deportation policy remains, and there is still more progress to be made. -The HIV preverence and the minority of the total population with HIV virus, the entire population being 48,700,000 only 13,000 people in the nation are living with HIV.
 * HIV/AIDS - deaths:** less than 200 (2003 est.).
 * Conference debate questions**
 * What is the problem? How does it affect your country?
 * What has your country done to combat the problem?
 * What are the various “sides” in the debate?
 * Which aspects of the issue are most important to your country?
 * How will your country shape the debate at the conference?
 * What arguments will other cuntries make?
 * How do the positions of other countries affect your country’s position?
 * Is there evidence or statistics that might help to back up your country’s position

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 * Research**

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