The+West+discovery

The West

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I think this is the West because I remember that in the U.S was becoming more active and built its empire further by what was called manifest destiny, and that expansion lead to the term coined for that land, which is "The west". Meaning that all the additional land gained by the U.S was called the west because it was an unpopular and unfamiliar place that no one knew about still, however it was embraced through cowboy pictures. The land gained after their independence and featured their 50 state combination.

** The Roaring Twenties **

** Bouncing Back ** ** MI: **A brief period of stability, even optimism, emerged in the middle of the 1920s. Germany’s new democratic government promised friendship with its former enemies.
 * A new democratic republic in Germany made some positive strides, despite the hatred reparations payments the WWI victors.


 * New mass consumptions like the radio were important, where the Middle class women gained new participation in culture; some smoke, and became nonconformist.


 * Western Europe had faced many political problems


 * The Kellogg-Briand Pact, outlawing war, was signed by a number of nations.


 * However, internal politics was polarized by leftists who wanted to emulate the Communist regime of the Soviet Union and by rightists who sought authoritarian government based on the recovery of national honor.


 * By the latter half of the decade, general economic prosperity and the introduction of consumer items like the radio and affordable automobiles buoyed hopes.


 * A burst of cultural creativity appeared in art, films, and literature.


 * Women, who lost their economic gains in the war’s factories, attained voting rights and social freedoms in several countries.


 * In science, important advances continued in physics, biology, and astronomy.


 * The cubist movement led by Pablo Picasso that rendered familiar objects of modern artistic ideas.

** Other Industrial societies ** ** MI: **Settler societies, such as Canada, Australia, and New Zealand, became more autonomous during this era.
 * Canada saw an increasingly strong economy and rapid immigration during the 1920s.


 * Australia emphasized socialist programs like nationalization of railways, banks, and power plants and experienced rapid immigration as well.


 * U.S economic and political cultures advance in the 1920s, economic boom, corporation expanded and addition of research organization.


 * Henry Ford had introduced the assembly line for automobiles production in 1913.


 * The United States also increased its popular cultural exports, jazz spread from African America centers in the South performances in Europe.


 * Hollywood, became the global film by 1920, stars were many foreigners.


 * Fear of communism also ran usually called Red Scare resisting outside influence.


 * Japan developed industrially and emerged as dependent of fuel and exports to the West.


 * It began a military growth regarding as the guardians of tradition, and its involvement in china.

** Fascism in Italy ** ** MI: **In 1919, Benito Mussolini formed the Fascist Party, which advocated a corporate state to replace both capitalism and socialism and an aggressive foreign policy under a strong leader.
 * Once in power, Mussolini eliminated his opponents, issued a stream of nationalist propaganda, and began a strict program of government-directed economic programs.


 * Benito Mussolini formed the fascio di combattimento in Italy, a way to replace capitalism and socialist with a new unity.


 * Fascists began seize power; it had its roots in late 19th century to establish social conflict.


 * Labor unrest increased which convinced politicians that new measures were essential.


 * Political divisions, greater propaganda for change with the fascists group.

** New Nations of East Central Europe ** ** MI: **After World War I, Japan became Asia’s leading industrial power.
 * The industrial combines, called the zaibatsu, rapidly expanded in areas like shipbuilding.


 * Like Western countries, Japan saw its political institutions challenged by war and depression.


 * In response, the nation developed an aggressive foreign policy pushed by a government controlled by the military.


 * Advances in education and rapid growth in population were two other features of this era.


 * Moat of the nations from the Baltic states to Yugoslavia were consumed by nationalist excitement at independence but also harbored intensive grievances about territories.


 * Authoritarianism arrived either through a dictator or by a monarch’s seizure of new power.


 * Aristocratic estates owners were desperate to make peasants unhappy which brought them to support the authoritarian rule.

** A Balance Sheet **
 * Changes in Europe, the settler societies, the United States, and Japan in the 1920s were complex.


 * Political, economic, and social forces fostered varying degrees of change.


 * Continuity was sought after in many quarters, but seldom found.

** The Global Great Depression **
 * The Great Depression had worldwide causes and effects, reactions to this economic earthquake were varied.


 * The most startling change in Western Europe was the rise of Nazism, the Depression resulted from new problems in the industrial economy like of Latin America.

** Causation ** ** MI: **The Depression’s roots were long and the effect of World War I on Europe’s economy had a ripple effect around the world.
 * Farmers in the West and in the colonies in Africa and Asia overproduced, causing prices (and therefore income) to fall.


 * Governments provided little guidance at this time.


 * Nations that had loaned money insisted they be repaid; tariffs reached all-time highs.


 * By the late 1920s, employment in key Western industries was declining.


 * As European government and businesses organized their African colonies for more profitable of setting up large estates.


 * Several food exploring regions of many Eastern nations fell into a depression in terms of earnings and employment.


 * 1920s employment in key Western industrial sectors coal, iron, and textiles began to decline and collapse.


 * European were concerned with repayment and dept and reconstruction barriers.

** The Debacle ** ** MI: **When the New York stock market collapsed in October 1929, the wheels came off the world’s economic wagon.
 * U.S. banks failed, taking their depositors with them. Banks in Europe followed, industrial production fell, jobs and wages were cut.


 * This downward spiral continued from 1929 until 1933 when the economic bottom was reached.


 * Economic disaster was not a new phenomenon, but this one was the longest lasting and most far-reaching because of the West’s unprecedented global reach.


 * The Great Depression was an enormous social and political event as well.


 * It revealed the fragility of nineteenth-century optimism. Popular culture took on an escapist theme.


 * Western democracies came under pressure to take a stronger role in their economies.


 * In the Soviet Union, Stalin’s determination to create an industrial society manifested itself in a brutal regime, yet he succeeded in his goal.


 * In Japan, the worldwide economic decline led to a political crisis.


 * The Depression like WWI was another bizarre experience that deepened the despair.


 * Loss of earnings, loss of work or fear within all social levels, white-collar unemployment and misery within the household.


 * The value of Japanese exports went down and workers’ income is low it was an international collapse.

** Responses to the Depression in Western Europe ** **MI:** In Western Europe, the Depression revealed that the economic and political achievements of the 1920s were not permanent.
 * Early governmental responses were generally ineffective.


 * In many countries, the economic collapse heightened political polarization.


 * The Great Depression led to one of two effects: an incapacitated parliamentary government or the overturning of parliamentary government.


 * France and England provided examples of the first pattern; Italy, Germany, and Spain, the latter.


 * Popular Front in 1936 to win the election, the communist party was unable to take strong measures of social reforms because of ongoing strength of conservative republican hostile to change rights.


 * The world’s first television industry for example took shape in south in late 1930s though it was too small too breaks the hold of the depression.

** The New Deal ** ** MI: **In the United States, the government offered direct aid to Americans in economic trouble in the form of the New Deal.
 * The Social Security system, government economic intervention and agricultural planning, and banking regulations were all attempts to recover from the depression.


 * Most importantly for Americans, the New Deal restored confidence in the economy and in the government.


 * It also established a path for future governments, between the ineffectiveness of the English and French and the extremism of the Italians, Germans, and Spanish.


 * New deal policies as they unfolded during he 1930s offered more direct aid to Americans a risk through increased unemployment benefits.


 * It restored the American confidence in their political system that did not exist in Britain and France.

** Nazism and Fascism **
 * MI:** Fascism in Italy and Germany was a product of World War I. The movement’s advocates were often war veterans who attacked the apparent weakness of their countries’ parliamentary system.
 * Fascist attacks on unions and on Communists pleased many in the upper classes.
 * Although the movement started in Italy, it was in Germany that this movement became a major force in world history.


 * Hitler made promises of a brighter future to many groups; in return, he sought not the democratic voices of many but instead the lone voice of the leader.


 * Once in power, he established a totalitarian state replete with a secret police, purges of the opposition, strident nationalism, and an incessant attack on Germany’s large Jewish minority.


 * Hitler’s foreign policy was based on a preparation for war to avenge the outcome of World War I and to create an empire that stretched across Europe.


 * Meanwhile, the international community did little to check him, appeasement being the coin of their realm.


 * Totalitarian state, because of Hitler a new king of government that would exercise massive direct control over virtually all the activities of its subjects.


 * Gestapo was a secret police that was arrested hundreds of thousands of political opponents.


 * Government economic planning that helped restore production levels.

** The Spread of Fascism and the Spanish Civil War ** ** MI: **East of Germany, Fascist movements arose in Hungary and Romania.
 * Hitler expanded into Czechoslovakia and Austria.


 * Italy’s Fascist dictator Mussolini attacked Ethiopia as the League of Nations and the rest of the world predictably did nothing.


 * The Spanish Civil War was fought between those favoring a parliamentary republic and those who wanted Fascism.


 * The U.S.S.R. provided some assistance to the republic.


 * With help from Germany and Italy and with only verbal opposition from France, Britain, and the U.S., the Fascists won.


 * Spanish civil war, because of Fascism that spread to Spain with forces supporting a parliamentary republic plus social reforms that builds 1931 military advanced state.


 * Franco’s forces won maintain an authoritarian controls to landlords, church, and army.

** Economic and Political Changes in Latin America ** ** MI: **The economic boom that began in the late nineteenth century faltered after World War I and was crushed by the Great Depression.
 * Rapid population growth swelled the ranks of the rural and urban working class, creating a series of social problems.


 * Increasing industrialization did not dissolve the old class nor produce any social mobility to the class.


 * Intellectuals, and progress with democracy ideas were under attack.


 * Ideas and reform spread, socialist and communist parties were formed after Russian revolution, Roman catholic church disliking the capitalist ideas.

WWII Notes

MI: Grievances from World War I’s aftermath and economic havoc resulted in militarist responses from Japan, Germany and Italy.
 * Old and New Causes of a Second World War **
 * Japan attacked Manchuria in 1931 and politicians in the West responded with a collective shrug.
 * In contrast to Japan’s gradual shift towards the military, Germany’s was abrupt.
 * Adolf Hitler promised to restore Germany’s once-impressive economic and military place in Europe and to eliminate the communist threat within its borders.
 * In alliance with Italy, Germany assisted the fascist take over of Spain.
 * In 1920s, nationalist forces in China began to get the upper hand over regional warlords who had dominated chinese politics.
 * General Chiang Kai-shek in particular was able to win support of intellectual, students the business classed and confucain leaders.
 * Adolph Hitler and the Nationalist Socialist (nazi) party turned a rising votes in election seats.
 * Both the Italian and German forces air forces used the Spanish conflict as a training ground.
 * Nazis promised to put people back to work, restore stability and set a recontruction program that would end the harm of treaty of Versailles.
 * Even though the Soviet Union was the only one to aid the Spanish, but Franco refused to help them in the global war.

MI: By the late 1930s a number of patterns were clearly established in the interaction between the new totalitarian states of Germany, Italy and Japan and Western democracies.
 * Unchecked Aggression and the Coming of War in Europe and the Pacific **
 * The lesson eventually learned by the West was that unchecked aggression led to yet more aggression.
 * This lesson was taught most clearly at Munich. As China and Japan bitterly struggled throughout the 1930s.
 * The control of east Asia, the West to a great extent watched from the sidelines, when Churchill warned that was inevitable given Hitler’s ambitious.
 * Though Nazi aggressions traditionally had given precipitants of World War II, but Japanese started first their compaign to conquer China
 * Japanese forced occupied most of the cities including Shanghai and by the end of 1938, canton as well as cities in North.
 * The brutal invasion of Pland on september 1, 1939 put an end to any doubts about Hitler for treaties.
 * They were helpless to assist the overmatched poles in their efforts to oppose the German advance.
 * Their were many threats that faced the European allies in the start of Nazi advances in regions.

** Nazi Blitzkrieg, Stalemate and the Long Retrea ** MI: By mid-1940 the Germans controlled most of the continent of Europe and much of the Mediterranean.
 * After western Europe fell to Germany, the Nazis invaded the Soviet Union.
 * Battles between Nazi and Soviet troops were among the largest ever and led to the weakening of the German war effort.
 * North Africa was also the site of many battles, as was Italy.
 * With tremendously effective help from the United States, the Allies slowly pushed the Germans back within their borders after six years of fighting.
 * Blitzkrieg or ligtening war, which involved the rapid destruction of enemy territories by a combination of tanks and troops carriers, Backup infantry and supporting fighter aircraft and bombers.
 * By the summer of 1940, all of the north and central France was in German.
 * In the city of Vichy, with Nazi occupation of Norway and Denmark in the preceding months.
 * The battle of Britian was due to a mix of strong leadership by churchill and a very able cabinet, innovative air tactics made possibly by the introduction of radar tactics.
 * Germany continued their invasion all the way to Egypt where the Suez canal who were subjugated by to provide resources and raw materials to them.
 * Renewed German offensed in spring of 1942 again got Russia to fail a second time to capture key cities like moscow, and great Baku oil fields.
 * In 1943 the red armies went on the offensive at numerous points along the German front.
 * The Russia appeared to be very willing to sacrifice the end of nazi regime and German control.

MI: Jews, Polish intellectuals and communists were rounded up and killed during German offensives into eastern Europe.
 * From Persecution to Genocide: Hitler’s War Against the Jews **
 * The destruction of the Jewish people became the official policy of the Nazi reich.
 * Concentration camps set up in the 1930s became the death camps of perhaps as many as 12 million people in the 1940s, 6 million of those of the Jewish faith.
 * The more the war turned against Hitler and the Nazi high command, where the Jews were shipped to camps in the east and those seemed physically fit were put to hard labor.
 * The Holocaust and which will be remembered by the Nazi regime creation, where 12 million people were murdered in the genocide.
 * These actions made Zionist leaders in Palestine and fascilate by non intervening Allies to save the Jews.

MI: American and British forces countered Nazi gains first in the Atlantic and in North Africa.
 * Anglo-American Offensives, Encirclement, and the End of the 12-Year Reich **
 * Their attack into Italy eventually forced the toppling of Mussolini.
 * In 1944, the Allies invaded and pushed the Germans out of northern France.
 * The last German offensive in the West, near the French/Benelux borders, resulted in their eventual defeat in the spring of 1945.
 * At the same time, the Soviet army poured in from the east after years of bitter, brutal fighting. Germany was spent.
 * The bulge in the winter of 1944-1945 by early where alies had invaded Germany from the west, while the red armies from East.
 * Adolph Hitler committed suicide in Berlin Bunker.
 * Germany military leaders surrounded bu allies forces putting an end to European threats to the Mediterranean world.

MI: After Pearl Harbor, Japan quickly captured many European holdings all over the Pacific.
 * The Rise and Fall of the Japanese Empire in the Pacific War **
 * With support from Great Britain, Australia and New Zealand, the United States exploited Japan’s strategic and material weaknesses with clever strategies and brute force.
 * With the first use of atomic weapons by the U.S., the war against Japan came to a sudden end.
 * Battle of the Coral Sea where the U.S naval forces fought the Japanese ones.
 * In June of Middway island they won a decisive victory over a powerful carrier force commanded by the Admiral Yamamoto the architect of Pearl Harpor attack.
 * With the division of Germany that had begun some months earlier, the allied occupation of the islands set the stage for the third main phase of 20th century which would lead to the superiority of American and Soviet superpowers and collapse of European powers.

MI: The end of World War II led to a decades-long confrontation between the U.S. and the U.S.S.R. and their allies.
 * War’s End and the Emergence of the Superpower Standoff **
 * Both were members of the United Nations, formed during the war as the official name of the anti-Axis Allies.
 * After World War II the U.N. did much to aid refugees and to promote health care worldwide.
 * Leaders of the allies opposed to the Axis powers occasions in an attempt to rebuild the frame work.
 * A key result of the allied agreement on establishing the United Nation, whre an international organization would represent the world nations.
 * It was a powerful factor that helped with the concerns of human rights.
 * It had sponsred initiative that were highly influential in shaping child, women, and environment rights.

MI: The Cold War, lasting from the late 1940s to the late 1980s, rose from disagreements between the U.S.S.R. and its World War II allies over post-war territorial settlements.
 * From Hot War to Cold War **
 * Korea was divided into Soviet and U.S. zones and Germany’s holdings were similarly divvied up in Europe.
 * The stage was set for two of the great movements of the latter half of the 20th century: first, decolonization and second, the Cold War.
 * The Tehran Conference, which is when the allies agreed on the invasion of the Nazi-occupied France.
 * Next came the Yalta conference in Soviet Crimea early in 1945, president roosevelt was eager to ask assistance from Soviet Union
 * The final stages the Berlin suburb of Potsdam in July 1945 was when Russia forces now occupied not only most of Eustern Europe but also of Germany.
 * The movement of decolonization between two superpowers that emerged from the war the U.S and Soviet Union each with international advantage.
 * China gained all its former territory though fighting between nationalist or communist beliefs was severe.

 Read chapter 31p.732 - 750  **What were the major effects of decolonization post WWII on Europe?**  Europe's great poweer was dramitically reduced, the United States and the Soviet Union had produced great powers, and forced an end to hostilities whre Europe became a secondary player in cold war between superpowers. The economy was greatly suffocated by the intense fight with the algerian, and veirnemese colonial gains. The minorities were in bad shape because of the long struggle they had faced in setting their country free from European rule. Efforts by Britian and France to restore Suez Canal from Egypt in 1956 symbolized a new phase of state affairs, and it shows how weakened Europe became after loosing its colonies.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 110%;"> **How did the Cold War divide Europe? What were the implications of this division?** <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 110%; line-height: 18px;">The cold war was an ongoing conflict between the U.S and Soviet Union where they had precieved to control a set of nations with capotalist or commmunists. Soviets troops ovvupied most of Eastern Europe that installed their communist regime. Also their occupation of German lands gave Russia a base closer to the heart of Europe, where the eastern bloc emerged as the Poland, Czecholovakia, Bulgaria and Hungary. Offended by the Soviet manipulation of people the U.S had began to fear communist advance so Truman coined the iron curtain. Where the U.S criticised Soviet policies. The Marshall law was the way the U.S precieved to gain more people in their side. With the formation of the two rival military alliances The north Atlantic treaty organization in 1949, then the Soviets organized the Warsaw Pact among its eastern European sattilites. Then military troopes were stationed on either side in Europe during the cold war. The implications were that the cold war brought many influences of economic aid, and by Soviet Union funding of communists movements in France where military roles in Europe and U.S were different, some civilian aid concepts were vary similar.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 110%;"> **Why did European governments move towards Liberal Democracies?** <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 110%;"> The defeat in war had implied the enifficiency of the Fascism and other rightist movements, but a notably chritian democratic current and moderate social reforms. This frove many European leaders were in greater agreement of need for govenment planning and warfare activities. Plitical reconstruction began like in German reconstruction and French establishment of a republic. Where they incourraged a new constitution that avoided German mistakes earlier, women gained more rights and extemist ideas were outlawed.The European movement contined toward a consistent democracy in 19703 when Spain and Portugal moved from authoritarian constitution to a democratic parliamentary systems.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 110%;"> **What was the welfare state? Why did they develop? what were the issues?** <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 110%;">The new political ideas and movements lead to a shift of a new activism of states economic policy in warfare issues, in Britian for example war time planning had appointed the need for new programs to reduce the impact of economic inequality and reward the lower class. New measures od health and variety of new deal govenment programs such as medical aid, family assisstance, funded programs for new opportunities, assistance to families with for chilldren that would help citizens with high expenses to rearrange the overall dinamics of social structure. But the issues were that it was too espensive and was problamic because the majority of gross national income was going for these government programs.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 110%; line-height: 19pt;">**Trace growing diplomatic relationships within Europe** <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 110%; line-height: 19pt;">In the 1950s, a movement began in Western Europe that continues to have great import. The European Union as it is currently known went through several stages of development. Its initial purpose was to drop tariffs between member nations, but as time passed, it expanded its scope into making a single governing body of much of Europe. Nationalist tensions within Europe reached their lowest point in history and the continent enjoyed its longest period of internal peace in history. The European Union was formed to create a single economic program entirely across where free investments were improved. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 110%; line-height: 19pt;"> **Outline economic development in Europe**
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 110%;">Striking economic growth accompanied political and social change.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 110%;">In the two decades after the war, Western Europe’s economy boomed. Western civilization became an affluent, consumer-oriented society.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 110%;">By the 1970s, the resurgence had slowed; afterwards, economic advancement occurred but not as thoroughly.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 110%;">Rising food productions was achieved.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 110%;">Service sectors expanded, with a proportion that was increasing.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 110%;">Growing immigrants arrival opened a more development.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 110%; line-height: 19pt;"> **Outline the post war development of the non-European West (Excluding the United States)**
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 110%;">Canada followed the West’s lead in providing government health care.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 110%;">At the same time, it cooperated with the U.S. economically for the most part.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 110%;">Canada’s most distinctive issue was the separatist movement within the French community in Quebec.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 110%;">After World War II, Australia and New Zealand moved toward alliances around the Pacific, with both nations aiding the U.S. in the Korean War and Australia, in Vietnam.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 110%;">Asian immigration into Australia was a key social development.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 110%;">After World War II, the United States assumed the mantle of leadership of democracies and capitalist societies against the Soviet Union. The Truman Doctrine of containment of communism began in Europe and spread around the globe, to Southeast Asia, the Middle East, Latin America and Africa. Less novel were interventions into Latin America. Domestic pressure against the war in Vietnam led to U.S. withdrawal in 1975. By the early 1990s, the U.S. emerged victorious in the Cold War and the world’s only remaining superpower. As the century closed, the U.S. found itself increasingly involved in flashpoints in the Middle East

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 110%; line-height: 25px;">**E****xplain the growing role of the United States in world affairs** <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 110%;"> One key development was the shift of focus towards the United States. For example, New York replaced Paris as the center of international styles. Europeans contributed, of course, in scientific study, but the cutting edge technological developments often occurred in the U.S. Developments in the arts maintained earlier 20th century themes. Europeans especially shined in artistic films. Economics became something of an American specialty. Social history became increasingly important. Western society displayed more vitality in popular culture than in intellectual life. American television and music were particularly effective agents of that nation’s culture. European music was one area that bucked this trend of “Americanization”. In both the U.S. and in Europe, sexual behavior changed among young people with an increased acceptance of experimentation. As the West’s political influence declined around the globe, its cultural influence was at an all-time high.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 110%;">**Outline cultural developments in Europe.**
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 110%;">A key result of postwar change involved women and the family.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 110%;">From the early 1950s onward the number of married working women rose steadily in the West.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 110%;">Where women had lacked the vote, they now got it. Gains in higher education were dramatic.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 110%;">Access to divorce and birth control, the latter coming through legal abortion and the Pill, was another major development. Marriage and children came at later ages.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 110%;">Maternal care was widely replaced by day care centers as both parents worked.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 110%;">A new wave of feminist political agitation occurred in the 1960s and 1970s.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 110%;">Overall, the family goals established in the Industrial Revolution were less important.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 110%;"> **Trace developments for women in the post war West**
 * **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 110%; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">Western society displayed more vitality in popular culture than in intellectual life. **
 * **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 110%; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">American television and music were particularly effective agents of that nation’s culture. **
 * **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 110%; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">European music was one area that bucked this trend of “Americanization”. **
 * **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 110%; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">In both the U.S. and in Europe, sexual behavior changed among young people with an increased acceptance of experimentation. **
 * **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',Times,serif; font-size: 110%; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal;">As the West’s political influence declined around the globe, its cultural influence was at an all-time high. **